HOME: pdgLive Summary Tables Reviews, Tables, Plots Particle Listings # Authors of the 2008 Edition C. Amsler et al., Physics Letters B667, 1 (2008)
Also see: PS format or PDF format.
AUTHORS:

| (Click on Author Name to get Email address, phone numbers, etc.) RPP authors C. Amsler, 1 M. Doser, 2 M. Antonelli, 3 D. Asner, 4 K.S. Babu, 5 H. Baer, 6 H.R. Band, 7 R.M. Barnett, 8 J. Beringer, 8 E. Bergren, G. Bernardi, 9 W. Bertl, 10 H. Bichsel, 11 O. Biebel, 12 P. Bloch, 2 E. Blucher, 13 S. Blusk, 14 R.N. Cahn, 8 M. Carena, 15,13,16 C. Caso, 17,* A. Ceccucci, 2 D. Chakraborty, 18 M.-C. Chen, 19 R.S. Chivukula, 20 G. Cowan, 21 O. Dahl, 8 G. D'Ambrosio, 22 T. Damour, 23 A. de Gouvea, 24 T. DeGrand, 25 B. Dobrescu, 15 M. Drees, 26 A. Edwards, 27 S. Eidelman, 28 V.D. Elvira, 15 J. Erler, 29 V.V. Ezhela, 30 J.L. Feng, 19 W. Fetscher, 31 B.D. Fields, 32 B. Foster, 33 T.K. Gaisser, 34 L. Garren, 15 H.-J. Gerber, 31 G. Gerbier, 35 T. Gherghetta, 36 G.F. Giudice, 2 M. Goodman, 37 C. Grab, 31 A.V. Gritsan, 38 J.-F. Grivaz, 39 D.E. Groom, 8 M. Grünewald, 40 A. Gurtu, 41,2 T. Gutsche, 42 H.E. Haber, 43 K. Hagiwara, 44 C. Hagmann, 45 K.G. Hayes, 46 J.J. Hernández-Rey, 47,¶ K. Hikasa, 48 I. Hinchliffe, 8 A. Höcker, 2 J. Huston, 20 P. Igo-Kemenes, 49 J.D. Jackson, 8 K.F. Johnson, 6 T. Junk, 15 D. Karlen, 50 B. Kayser, 15 D. Kirkby, 19 S.R. Klein, 51 I.G. Knowles, 52 C. Kolda, 53 R.V. Kowalewski, 50 P. Kreitz, 54 B. Krusche, 55 Yu.V. Kuyanov, 30 Y. Kwon, 56 O. Lahav, 57 P. Langacker, 58 A. Liddle, 59 Z. Ligeti, 8 C.-J. Lin, 8 T.M. Liss, 60 L. Littenberg, 61 J.C. Liu, 54 K.S. Lugovsky, 30 S.B. Lugovsky, 30 H. Mahlke, 62 M.L. Mangano, 2 T. Mannel, 63 A.V. Manohar, 64 W.J. Marciano, 61 A.D. Martin, 65 A. Masoni, 66 D. Milstead, 67 R. Miquel, 68 K. Mönig, 69 H. Murayama, 70,71,8 K. Nakamura, 44 M. Narain, 72 P. Nason, 73 S. Navas, 74,¶ P. Nevski, 61 Y. Nir, 75 K.A. Olive, 76 L. Pape, 31 C. Patrignani, 17 J.A. Peacock, 52 A. Piepke, 77 G. Punzi, 78 A. Quadt, 79, S. Raby, 80 G. Raffelt, 81 B. Renk, 82 P. Richardson, 65 S. Roesler, 2 S. Rolli, 83 A. Romaniouk, 84 L.J. Rosenberg, 11 J.L. Rosner, 13 C.T. Sachrajda, 85 Y. Sakai, 44 S. Sarkar, 86 F. Sauli, 2 O. Schneider, 87 D. Scott, 88 B. Seligman, 89 M. Shaevitz, 90 T. Sjöstrand, 91 J.G. Smith, 25 G.F. Smoot, 8 S. Spanier, 54 H. Spieler, 8 A. Stahl, 92 T. Stanev, 34 S.L. Stone, 14 T. Sumiyoshi, 93 M. Tanabashi, 94 J. Terning, 95 M. Titov, 96 N.P. Tkachenko, 30 N.A. Törnqvist, 97 D. Tovey, 98 G.H. Trilling, 8 T.G. Trippe, 8 G. Valencia, 99 K. van Bibber, 45 M.G. Vincter, 4 P. Vogel, 100 D.R. Ward, 101 T. Watari, 102 B.R. Webber, 101 G. Weiglein, 65 J.D. Wells, 103 M. Whalley, 65 A. Wheeler, 54 C.G. Wohl, 8 L. Wolfenstein, 104 J. Womersley, 105 C.L. Woody, 61 R.L. Workman, 106 A. Yamamoto, 44 W. -M. Yao, 8 O.V. Zenin, 30 J. Zhang, 107 R.-Y. Zhu 108 P.A. Zyla 8
Technical Associates:
G. Harper, 8 V.S. Lugovsky, 30 P. Schaffner, 8
1. Institute of Physics, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland 2. CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, Switzerland 3. Lab. Nazionali di Frascati dell'INFN; CP 13, via E. Fermi, 40; I-00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy 4. Department of Physics, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada 5. Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA 6. Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA 7. Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA 8. Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 9. LPNHE, IN2P3-CNRS et Universités of Paris VI & VII, F-75252 Paris, France 10. Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland 11. Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA 12. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Department für Physik, Schellingstr. 4, D-80799 München, Germany 13. Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA 14. Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA 15. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA 16. Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA 17. Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Università di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy 18. Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA 19. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA 20. Michigan State University, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA 21. Department of Physics, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK 22. INFN - Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy 23. Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques, F-91440 Bures-sur-Yvette, France 24. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA 25. Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309 USA 26. Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany 27. Deutches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany 28. Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, RU-630090, Novosibirsk, Russia 29. Departamento de Física Téorica, Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F. 04510, México 30. COMPAS Group, Institute for High Energy Physics, RU-142284, Protvino, Russia 31. Institute for Particle Physics, ETH-Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland 32. Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois, 1002 W. Green St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA 33. Denys Wilkinson Building, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RH, UK 34. Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA 35. CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, BP 2, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France 36. School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia 37. Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA 38. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA 39. LAL, IN2P3-CNRS et Univ. de Paris 11; F-91898 Orsay CEDEX, France 40. Dept. Subatomic Physics, University of Ghent, Proeftuinstraat 86, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium 41. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai (Bombay) 400 005, India 42. Institut für Theoretische Physik; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 14; D-72076 Tübingen; Germany 43. Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA 44. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Oho, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken 305-0801, Japan 45. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA 46. Department of Physics, Hillsdale College, Hillsdale, MI 49242, USA 47. IFIC --- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, Universitat de València --- C.S.I.C., E-46071 València, Spain 48. Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan 49. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg 12, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany 50. University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada 51. Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 52. Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ, Scotland, UK 53. Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, 225 Niewland Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA 54. Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, P.O. Box 4349, Stanford, CA 94309, USA 55. Institute of Physics, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland 56. Yonsei University, Department of Physics, 134 Sinchon-dong, Sudaemoon-gu, Seoul, 120-749, South Korea 57. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK 58. School of Natural Science, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA 59. University of Sussex, Astronomy Centre, Falmer Brighton BN1 9RH, UK 60. Department of Physics, University of Illinois, 1110 W. Green St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA 61. Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA 62. Laboratory of Elementary-Particle Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA 63. University of Siegen, Fachbereich für Physik, Siegen, Germany 64. Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA 65. Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Department of Physics, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK 66. INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria de Monserrato, Casella postale 170, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy 67. Fysikum, Stockholms Universitet, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 68. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, E-09193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain 69. DESY-Zeuthen, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany 70. Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8568, Japan 71. Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 72. Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA 73. INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 3, I-20216 Milano, Italy 74. Dpto. de Física Tóorica y del Cosmos & C.A.F.P.E., Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain 75. Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Particle Physics, P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 76100, Israel 76. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA 77. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, 206 Gallalee Hall, Box 870324, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA 78. INFN and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy 79. Georg-Augst-Universität Göttingen, II. Physikalisches Institut, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany 80. Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, 191 W. Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210 USA 81. Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), Föhringer Ring 6, D-80805 München, Germany 82. Institut für Physik, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany 83. Tufts University; Robinson Hall; Medford, MA 02155 USA 84. Moscow Engineering and Physics Institute; 31, Kashirskoye shosse; 115409 Moscow; Russia 85. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton S017 1BJ, UK 86. Rudolph Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, UK 87. Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland 88. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1 Canada 89. Columbia University, Nevis Labs, PO Box 137, Irvington, NY 10533, USA 90. Physics Dept., Columbia University, 538 W. 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA 91. Department of Theoretical Physics, Lund University, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden 92. III. Physikalisches Institut, Physikzentrum, RWTH Aachen, 52056 Aachen, Germany 93. High Energy Physics Laboratory, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan 94. Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan 95. Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA 96. CEA Scalay, DAPNIA; B.P. 2, Orme des Merisiers, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France 97. Department of Physical Sciences, POB 64 FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland 98. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK 99. Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA 100. California Institute of Technology, Kellogg Radiation Laboratory 106-38, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 101. Cavendish Laboratory, J.J. Thomson Ave., Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK 102. Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan 103. Michigan Center for Theoretical Physics, Physics Dept., 2477 Randall Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA 104. Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA 105. STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK 106. Department of Physics, George Washington University Virginia Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA 107. IHEP, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. CHINA 108. California Institute of Technology, Physics Department, 256-48, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA * Deceased Abstract. This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2778 new measurements from 645 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 108 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including those on CKM quark-mixing matrix, Vud & Vus, Vcb & Vub, top quark, muon anomalous magnetic moment, extra dimensions, particle detectors, cosmic background radiation, dark matter, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http://pdg.lbl.gov. Copyright 2008: Regents of the University of California The publication of the Review of Particle Physics is supported by the Division of High Energy Physics in the Office of Science at the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231; by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Agreement No. PHY-0652989; by the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN); by an implementing arrangement between the governments of Japan (MEXT: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) and the United States (DOE) on cooperative research and development; and by the Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN). ¶ J.J. Hernández-Rey and S. Navas acknowledge support from MCYT, Spain (FPA2002-12065-E).